Rosemarkie Cross Slab
description: The original location of the Rosemarkie Cross Slab was most likely within a Pictish settlement or monastery, it later was used as a floor slab in Rosemarkie Church and also stood in the Churchyard, before being moved and preserved within Groam House Museum.

Housing
description: Pictish buildings would appear to have varied depending on regional location and building material available. Evidence of Pictish housing finds them to be of a reasonable size, round or oval shaped with no windows and a central hearth. Access to these buildings would be through a low and narrow doorway.

Folklore
description: David MacRitchie, a Scottish folklorist (1851-1925), argued that fairies were based on a real diminutive or pygmy-statured population that lived in Scotland during the late Stone Age: "Postulations based on the premise that fairies constitute a folk memory of former races, conquered peoples who were pushed out beyond the periphery of settled areas, have fuelled the imagination of many scholars on this subject. Of particular significance was a theory advanced by David MacRitchie that fairies were an actual race of small or 'little' people, the original Pictish peoples of Scotland."

Painted Skin
description: It is said that the Picts got their name from the Romans, who called them Picti, which is Latin for ‘painted people’. This is thought to refer to the tales of the Picts painting and tattooing their bodies.

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Latin Transcriptions
subject: Documents relating to medieval St Andrews which have been fully transcribed from original material in the University archives.
description: All documents are listed in the University's catalogue, at http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/library/specialcollections/collections/archives/
source: Call Number UYSL110/PW/3 Title Pittance writ: Charter granting alms to the Church of St Andrew the Apostle Date [1215] Omnibus Sancte Matris Ecclesie filiis presens scriptum uisuris uel audituris Johannes filius mikaelis Clerici Salutem. Noveritis universitas uestra me divine caritatis intuitu dedisse concessisse et presenti mea Carta confirmasse deo et Ecclesie Beati Andree apostoli et Canonicis ibidem deo seruientibus et seruituris Dimidiam marcam argenti in puram et perpetuam elemosinam ad limunare Ecclesie pro fraternitate mea et pro animabus antecessorum et successorum meorum de Bracino meo de Morkambus singulis annis ad festum Sancti Andree percipiendam. Ita uidelicet ut quicumque de me et de heredibus meis predictum Bracinum cum terra eidem adiacente tenuerit predictam dimidiam marcam dictis Canonicis absque ulla contradicione seu molestia uel reclamacione Apud Sanctum andream predicto termino fideliter persolvat. Vt autem hec mea donatio et concessio rata et inconcussa in perpetuum permaneat tam presentis scripti munimine cum sigilli mei appositione roboraui. Hiis testibus Domino Willelmo de Wyvilli Domino Henrico de Abernith Domino Michaele filius de Malloch Domino Gilberto persona de Wemes Johanne filius Wynemi Ricardo Manipeni Johanne Pigate Mauricio de Methkil et multis aliis. Reverse: Carta Domini Johannis filii Michaelis de dimidia marca argenti de Morkambus. Call Number UYSL110/PW/5 Title Pittance writ: Charter granting alms to the church of St Andrew the Apostle Date c.1240 Omnibus has litteras visuris vel audituris Hugo filius Hugi de Esidin salutem. Sciatis me dedisse concessisse et hac carta mea confirmasse deo et ecclesie beati Andrei apostoli in primam et perpetuam elimosinariam dimidiam peciam cere vel duos solidos in subsidium Luminaris ad missam beate marie percipiendam annuatim de terra Torbrete que est inter Clacchem et Blabloe scilicet ad festum Sancti Andree Quare volo ut dicta ecclesia dictam elemosinam habeat possideat et percipiat sing…

The Town of St Andrews and the Scottish Parliament
subject: The following comprises records from RPS in which St Andrews is mentioned. It does not include records in which the bishop, archbishop or any other clerics based in St Andrews acted as witnesses, judges, notaries or ambassadors. It also does not include references to St Andrew himself.
description: ‘The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (RPS) is a fully searchable database containing the proceedings of the Scottish parliament from the first surviving act of 1235 to the union of 1707. The culmination of over ten years’ work by researchers from the Scottish Parliament Project based in the School of History at the University of St Andrews, the online edition seeks to make this key historical source freely available to all in a technologically advanced and user-friendly format. The inclusion of new parliaments and conventions of estates, committee records, parliamentary minutes and additional material makes the online edition the most comprehensive record of Scottish parliamentary proceedings ever available. All the sources which make up the proceedings of the pre-1707 Scottish parliament are fully cited and an extensive editorial apparatus included, enabling for the first time a proper understanding of the many and varied sources which make up Scotland’s parliamentary record. A parallel translation of the original Latin, French and Scots text into English and the standardisation of place and personal names, where identifiable, enables keyword searches on an infinite number of subjects, with direct links from the modern translation to the original manuscript record.’ All entries can be found at http://www.rps.ac.uk/
creator: K.M. Brown et al eds. (St Andrews, 2007-2015).
source: [A1304/1] Proceeding: summons to parliament The king to Sir Nicholas de la Hay, greeting. We command you, strictly enjoining you, by the faith which you owe us, to be at our parliament in the town of St Andrews this next Monday in mid-Lent, by all means. Wemyss, 5 March [1304] [1309/1] Letters: by the magnates of Scotland to Philip IV, king of France To the most Christian and triumphant prince and reverend lord the lord Philip [IV] by the grace of God illustrious king of the French, William, earl of Ross, Malcolm, earl of Lennox, William, [earl of Suther]land, and the communities of the earldoms of Fife, Menteith, Mar, Buchan and Caithness, the heirs of which are in ward, likewise the communities of all the other earldoms of the kingdom of Scotland [except] [D]unbar; Edward de Bruce, lord of Galloway, James the steward of Scotland, Alexander de Argyll, Donald de Islay, John de Menteith, Hugh, the son and heir of the earl [of Ross], Gilbert de Hay, constable of Scotland, Robert de Keith, marischal of Scotland, Thomas Randolph, lord of Nithsdale, James, lord of Douglas, Alexander de Lindsay, Alexander de [Fraser], [William] Wiseman, David de Barclay, Robert Boyd, barons; and also all of Argyll and the Hebrides and the inhabitants of all the kingdom of Scotland recognising the fealty of the lord Robert by the grace of God king of Scotland, all [... ... ....] Your credence having been revealed to us in writing, and having been fully understood [by us], in the full parliament of our lord the king solemnly held not long ago at the city of St Andrews, impressed upon our minds the joyfulness of [your] devot[ion] [... ... ....] For we conclude that your majesty’s mind is devoutly disposed to take on the business of the Holy Land, to prosecute which all followers of the Christian faith justly ought to strive and with humble devotion incline their hearts [... ... ...,] we saw that it was contained [in your letter] that your royal grace considers and calls to mind the treaties …

The Church of St Andrews and the Scottish Parliament
subject: The following comprises records from RPS in which St Andrews is mentioned. It does not include records in which the bishop, archbishop or any other clerics based in St Andrews acted as witnesses, judges, notaries or ambassadors. It also does not include references to St Andrew himself.
description: ‘The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (RPS) is a fully searchable database containing the proceedings of the Scottish parliament from the first surviving act of 1235 to the union of 1707. The culmination of over ten years’ work by researchers from the Scottish Parliament Project based in the School of History at the University of St Andrews, the online edition seeks to make this key historical source freely available to all in a technologically advanced and user-friendly format. The inclusion of new parliaments and conventions of estates, committee records, parliamentary minutes and additional material makes the online edition the most comprehensive record of Scottish parliamentary proceedings ever available. All the sources which make up the proceedings of the pre-1707 Scottish parliament are fully cited and an extensive editorial apparatus included, enabling for the first time a proper understanding of the many and varied sources which make up Scotland’s parliamentary record. A parallel translation of the original Latin, French and Scots text into English and the standardisation of place and personal names, where identifiable, enables keyword searches on an infinite number of subjects, with direct links from the modern translation to the original manuscript record.’
creator: K.M. Brown et al eds. (St Andrews, 2007-2015). All entries can be found at http://www.rps.ac.uk/
source: [A1321/7/1] Letters: patent of Agnes de Mordington recording the sale of Glanderstone in Garioch at parliament To all sons of holy mother church who shall see or hear the present writing, Agnes de Mordington, daughter and heiress of Sir Peter de Mordington, knight, greeting in the Saviour of all. All of you shall know that I, not by force, trickery or fear, but voluntarily, purely and simply, for me, my heirs and successors whomsoever, have sold to John, son of Adam Browning, and conveyed the title of the sale to him in person, all the land of Glanderstone in Garioch with all its pertinents, freedoms and profits whatsoever pertaining to the said land, or which may pertain in future in any way. Also [you should know] if, concerning the same, it was proper to make special mention for the 360 merks of good and legal sterling in coin paid into my hands, of which sum of money I quitclaim the said John by the present [letters] and renounce on this behalf, exception being made of money not counted and of any deceit which might be interposed. And for the faithful and inviolable observing of this, I gave a bodily oath into the hands of the venerable father the lord William de Lamberton, by the grace of God bishop of St Andrews, and notwithstanding I swore touching the holy Gospels in the presence of all the prelates assembled in council at Perth on 9 July 1321, that I hold my said sale to be established and valid in perpetuity for myself and my heirs and successors, and not to come against the same directly or indirectly by myself or through others in any way in future. And if it should occur that I, my heirs or successors oppose the aforesaid sale in any way de facto, since I shall not be able to do so de jure, I oblige myself, my heirs and successors to pay the said John, his heirs, successors and assignees £200 sterling before the same John, his heirs, successors or assignees are held to answer me, my heirs, successors or assignees, concerning the aforesaid lands in any w…

Early Records of the University of St Andrews
subject: The graduation roll and the matriculation roll of the medieval University, from 1413.
description: Taken from J. M. Anderson (ed.) Early records of the University of St. Andrews (Edinburgh, Scottish History Society, 1926) http://library.st-andrews.ac.uk/search~S5?/Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ/Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ&extended=0&SUBKEY=early+records+of+the+university/1%2C217%2C217%2CB/frameset&FF=Yearly+records+of+the+university&searchscope=5&SORT=DZ&2%2C2%2C
source: Graduation Roll 1413 Oaths of the Bachelors I swear that I shall be obedient to the faculty of arts and to the dean thereof in things lawful and proper: Also that I shall observe and cause to be observed the statutes and privileges of the faculty of arts, and shall defend them so far as I am able in whatever position I may attain to: Likewise I shall keep the secrets of the said faculty, nor shall I reveal them to any one to whom they ought not to be revealed. Names of the Bachelors this year In the first William Yhalulok, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise lord Stephen [Kerr], who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Thomas Graham, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Thomas Livingston, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Angus de Levynnochis, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise John Homyll, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise Andrew Maklauch, who paid 2 s this week. Although a determinant at Oxford he was nevertheless generously admitted by the faculty. Likewise lord Robert Fabri, who paid 2 s this week. Likewise John Henry, who paid nothing. Likewise Alexander Methven, who paid nothing. Nevertheless, those two offered surety, the first by a sworn declaration, the second by a sponsor, that if they should come into easier circumstances they would satisfy the faculty like the others preceding. Likewise lord Robert de Tynnyngame. Although made a bachelor at Oxford he was nevertheless admitted by the faculty. He contributed 5 s 6 d. 1414 Names of the Bachelors in the year of our Lord fourteen hundred and fourteen. In the first Alan Fudes, who paid 20 d this week. Lord Richard de Eddislav, who paid 2 s this week. John Winton, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Ramsay, who paid 22 d this week William White, who paid 22 d this week. Henry Malwyne, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Edname, who paid 22 d this week. Thomas Tulloch, who paid 2 s this week. Moricius John, who paid 22 d this week. William Lyell, who paid 19 d this week. Richard Spalding, who paid 20 d this week. Lord John Thom, who paid …

Documents relating to the town of St Andrews
subject: Miscellaneous documents which relate to the medieval town.
source: Charter of David II Know that whereas the former reverend fathers in Christ of honoured memory, the bishops of St Andrews, have in times past have had in times past the great customs of their own goods and those of the men of the city of St Andrews and have been in full possession thereof hitherto, we, not desiring to lessen the liberty and possessions of the said bishops but rather more fully to increase the same, and considering the various works and heavy expenses incurred and laid out, as effectively and faithfully, by the reverend father in Christ William Laundelis by the grace of God now bishop of St Andrews in sundry ways for the benefit of us and the common weal (res publica), we have approved, ratified and for ever confirmed to him and to his successors the said customs in form, possession and effect, as the same have been used and enjoyed hitherto; and of new for us and our heirs, of certain knowledge and deliberate counsel have bestowed upon and given to him the said custom for the term of his life in … the form underwritten, that is to say, that his citizens of St Andrews shall be free to buy wool, skins and woolly hides wherever they wish, as well in the burgh of Cupar as within other parts of Fife and Fothryff and elsewhere, being within the lands of the said bishop, and that they shall not be compelled to pay the great custom arising therefrom save to the bishops and his officer …; notwithstanding our grants made to any persons or places, for it was not our intention that, on account of such concessions, the liberties and privileges of the said father in Christ and the citizens should anywise suffer; and that the said bishop and his successors may freely possess the great custom of all goods owing to their burgh of St Andrews coming from the port thereof, or being borne to their port of Edyn, together with the escheat of wool, hides and woolly hides if found in these parts not paying customs; and that the cocket of the said burgh of St Andrews shall b…